Endocrine Abstracts

Injected depot formulations of somatostatin peptide analogs are routinely used to treat acromegaly and neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Paltusotine (CRN00808), a small molecule nonpeptide selective somatostatin receptor 2 (sst2) agonist, is being evaluated for efficacy and safety in patients with acromegaly. The current Phase 1 study (NCT04246749) was conducted in two Parts: In Part A, the absorption, metabolism, excretion, and mass balance of a single oral dose of 20 mg [14C]-pa...

Within target cells, cortisol-cortisone inter-conversion is catalysed by both a NADP(H)-dependent, bidirectional type 1 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βHSD1) enzyme and by a NAD+-dependent, unidirectional type 2 11βHSD (11βHSD2) isoenzyme. Since several published studies have reported altered glucocorticoid metabolism in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the current study assessed whether prenatal exposure of lambs to testosterone propionate...

Objective: The past 2 decades have seen advances in the surgical management of Cushing’s disease (CD). Our aim was to meet the need for current data on clinical features, long-term outcomes, and prognostic indicators.Patients and methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 71 patients treated by trans-sphenoidal surgery (TSS) for CD. All patients were operated on by the same surgeon in a single centre between 1988–2009. Diagnosis was confirm...

Introduction: With increased biochemical screening primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is discovered incidentally while patients are still asymptomatic.Objective: To assess the impact of surgery on neuropsychological symptoms in people with apparent asymptomatic pHPT.Methods: Twenty-four patients with asymptomatic pHPT requiring parathyroidectomy, in accordance with NIH recommendations, were recruited prospectively between May 2005 ...

A 70-year-old female with known schizophrenia presented in hyperthyroid crisis. Examination revealed muscle wasting, tremor, sweating, low-grade fever, and sinus tachycardia. Biochemistry confirmed the diagnosis (TSH <0.1 mlU/l, thyroxine 41 pmol/l (9–25), tri-iodothyronine 25 pmol/l (3.5–6.5)). The patient was commenced on i.v. esmolol and carbimazole (40 mg) crushed into warm milk.However, lacking mental capacity, and refusing to take all...

Similar to thyroid hormones, the calcineurin/NFAT pathway regulates bone mass via its actions in osteoblasts and by indirect effects on osteoclast function. Calcineurin is a calcium- and calmodulin-activated phosphatase that dephosphorylates the transcription factor NFAT enabling its translocation to the nucleus. RCAN2 is an inhibitor of calcineurin that is stimulated by T3 in brain, heart and skeletal muscle although its expression in bone has not been studied. Thu...

The glucagon stimulation test is commonly used to assess the hypothalamic–pituitary axis when the insulin stress test (IST) is contraindicated. The mechanism behind glucagon induced secretion of GH and cortisol is unclear. To determine whether these responses are dependent on symptoms during the glucagon test, a retrospective case note study of glucagon tests performed over 3 years in patients with pituitary disease was undertaken.Methods: Fifty-six...

The measurement of serum testosterone in women is difficult with most automated immunoassays because of poor sensitivity, accuracy and precision at low concentrations. Mass spectrometry is the gold standard for these measurements but it is slower and requires special expertise and equipment. We investigated whether the modification of a commercial RIA allowed improved testosterone measurements in laboratories without access to mass spectrometry.A commerc...

Introduction: Current guidelines recommend that thyroid nodules classified as Thy 3 following fine needle aspiration (FNA) should be managed surgically. This results in over-treatment of benign disease. The purpose of this study was to review multi-disciplinary team (MDT) management of Thy 3 FNAs at our institution.Patients and methods: A total of 109 FNAs were performed between April 2008 and October 2009; 31 were reported as Thy 3. The management of al...

Patients originally diagnosed with IsGHD may develop additional pituitary hormone deficiencies later in life. This study aimed to identify factors that predict development of MPHD and to characterize the time course of specific hormone deficiencies. Pediatric patients with IsGHD were from an observational study (GeNeSIS). Additional hormone deficiency during follow-up was accepted, if indicated by check box on the case report forms, by an adverse event or by starting replaceme...